Requesting a Promotion at Work: Expert Tips & Strategies

The pursuit of career advancement is more than just a personal ambition; it’s a vital component of professional growth and job satisfaction. Requesting a promotion at work can be a tough task, yet it is an essential step toward achieving your long-term career goals. Whether you’re eyeing a higher position, increased responsibilities, or a salary boost, understanding how to effectively advocate for yourself is crucial.

This article serves as your comprehensive guide to navigating the promotion request process with confidence and clarity. We will explore expert tips and proven strategies that can help you articulate your value, prepare compelling arguments, and approach the conversation with your manager in a way that maximizes your chances of success. From timing your request to showcasing your achievements, you’ll gain insights that empower you to take charge of your career trajectory.

Join us as we delve into the essential elements of requesting a promotion, equipping you with the knowledge and tools needed to make your aspirations a reality. Your next career milestone is within reach—let’s get started!

Exploring Promotions

Definition and Types of Promotions

In the workplace, a promotion is defined as an advancement in rank or position within an organization. This advancement often comes with increased responsibilities, a higher salary, and enhanced benefits. Promotions can take various forms, each serving different purposes within a company. Understanding these types can help you navigate your career path more effectively.

• Vertical Promotions: This is the most common type of promotion, where an employee moves up to a higher position within the same department or organization. For example, a junior marketing associate may be promoted to a marketing manager, taking on more significant responsibilities and leadership roles.
• Lateral Promotions: Sometimes, promotions do not involve a change in rank but rather a shift to a different department or role at the same level. This can be beneficial for employees looking to diversify their skills or explore new interests within the company.
• Temporary Promotions: These are often used to fill a position temporarily, such as when a manager is on leave. Employees may be promoted to act in that role for a specified period, gaining valuable experience and visibility.
• Merit-Based Promotions: These promotions are awarded based on an employee’s performance, achievements, and contributions to the company. They are often tied to specific metrics or goals that the employee has met or exceeded.
• Promotions for Skill Development: Some organizations promote employees to roles that allow them to develop new skills or competencies. This type of promotion is often part of a structured career development program.

Common Criteria for Promotion

While the criteria for promotion can vary significantly from one organization to another, several common factors are typically considered. Understanding these criteria can help you position yourself as a strong candidate for advancement.

• Performance Metrics: Most companies evaluate employees based on their performance. This includes meeting or exceeding set goals, completing projects on time, and contributing positively to team dynamics. Regular performance reviews often play a crucial role in this assessment.
• Experience and Tenure: Length of service can be a factor in promotion decisions. Employees who have been with the company longer may have a better understanding of its culture and operations, making them more suitable for higher roles.
• Skill Set and Qualifications: Promotions often require specific skills or qualifications. Employees who actively seek professional development opportunities, such as certifications or training, may be viewed more favorably when promotion opportunities arise.
• Leadership Potential: Companies look for employees who demonstrate leadership qualities, such as the ability to motivate others, make decisions, and manage conflicts. Taking on leadership roles in projects or teams can showcase these abilities.
• Company Needs: Sometimes, promotions are influenced by the strategic direction of the company. If a company is expanding or entering new markets, it may promote employees who have the skills and vision to lead these initiatives.

Benefits of Getting Promoted

Receiving a promotion is not just a personal achievement; it also brings a multitude of benefits that can enhance both your professional and personal life. Here are some of the key advantages of getting promoted:

• Increased Salary: One of the most immediate benefits of a promotion is often a salary increase. This additional income can improve your quality of life, allowing for better financial stability and the ability to invest in personal goals.
• Enhanced Job Satisfaction: A promotion can lead to greater job satisfaction. With increased responsibilities and challenges, employees often feel more engaged and motivated in their roles. This can lead to a more fulfilling work experience.
• Career Advancement: Promotions are essential for career progression. They can open doors to new opportunities, allowing you to climb the corporate ladder and achieve your long-term career goals.
• Expanded Network: Moving up in an organization often means interacting with higher-level executives and other departments. This expanded network can provide valuable connections and insights that can benefit your career.
• Skill Development: Promotions often come with new challenges that require you to develop new skills. This continuous learning can enhance your professional capabilities and make you a more valuable asset to your organization.
• Increased Influence: With a higher position often comes greater influence within the organization. You may have more say in decision-making processes and the ability to shape the direction of projects and teams.
• Recognition and Respect: Achieving a promotion is a form of recognition for your hard work and dedication. It can enhance your reputation within the company and among peers, leading to increased respect from colleagues.

Understanding the various types of promotions, the common criteria for advancement, and the benefits that come with being promoted can empower you to take proactive steps in your career. By aligning your goals with the expectations of your organization, you can position yourself as a strong candidate for promotion and ultimately achieve your professional aspirations.

Self-Assessment

Before you embark on the journey of requesting a promotion, it is crucial to conduct a thorough self-assessment. This process involves evaluating your current role and performance, identifying your strengths and weaknesses, and setting clear career goals and objectives. A well-rounded self-assessment not only prepares you for the conversation about your promotion but also helps you understand your value within the organization and how you can align your aspirations with the company’s goals.

Evaluating Your Current Role and Performance

The first step in your self-assessment is to take a close look at your current role and how you have performed in it. This evaluation should be honest and comprehensive, focusing on various aspects of your job responsibilities.

• Job Responsibilities: List out your primary responsibilities and tasks. Are you meeting or exceeding expectations? Consider how your role contributes to the team and the organization as a whole.
• Achievements: Document your accomplishments since your last performance review or since you started your role. This could include successful projects, initiatives you led, or any recognition you received from peers or supervisors.
• Feedback: Reflect on any feedback you have received from your manager or colleagues. Positive feedback can bolster your case for a promotion, while constructive criticism can highlight areas for improvement.
• Performance Metrics: If applicable, review any performance metrics or KPIs that are relevant to your role. Quantifiable achievements, such as sales numbers, project completion rates, or customer satisfaction scores, can provide concrete evidence of your contributions.

By evaluating these aspects, you can gain a clearer picture of your current standing within the organization. This understanding will serve as a foundation for your promotion request, allowing you to articulate your value effectively.

Identifying Your Strengths and Weaknesses

Once you have evaluated your current role and performance, the next step is to identify your strengths and weaknesses. This introspection is vital for personal growth and for positioning yourself as a strong candidate for promotion.

Strengths

Your strengths are the skills and attributes that set you apart from your colleagues. Consider the following:

• Technical Skills: Are there specific skills or expertise you possess that are highly valued in your role? For example, if you work in IT, proficiency in certain programming languages or software can be a significant strength.
• Soft Skills: Attributes such as communication, teamwork, leadership, and problem-solving are essential in any role. Reflect on how these skills have helped you succeed in your current position.
• Initiative: Have you taken the initiative to go above and beyond your job description? Examples could include volunteering for additional projects, mentoring new employees, or suggesting process improvements.

Documenting your strengths will not only boost your confidence but also provide you with talking points when discussing your promotion with your manager.

Weaknesses

Identifying weaknesses can be more challenging, but it is equally important. Acknowledging areas for improvement demonstrates self-awareness and a commitment to personal development. Consider the following:

• Skill Gaps: Are there skills that you lack that are necessary for the next level of your career? For instance, if you aspire to a managerial position, you may need to develop leadership skills.
• Feedback Areas: Reflect on any constructive criticism you have received. Are there recurring themes in the feedback that indicate areas where you can improve?
• Time Management: Do you struggle with managing your time effectively? If so, this is an area you can work on to enhance your productivity.

Once you have identified your weaknesses, create a plan to address them. This could involve seeking additional training, finding a mentor, or setting specific goals to improve in these areas.

Setting Career Goals and Objectives

With a clear understanding of your current role, performance, strengths, and weaknesses, the final step in your self-assessment is to set career goals and objectives. This will not only guide your professional development but also provide a roadmap for your promotion request.

Short-Term Goals

Short-term goals are those you aim to achieve within the next year. These should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART). Examples include:

• Completing a relevant certification or training program.
• Leading a project that aligns with your department’s objectives.
• Improving a specific skill, such as public speaking, by attending workshops or joining a local Toastmasters club.

Long-Term Goals

Long-term goals are broader and may take several years to achieve. These goals should align with your career aspirations and the direction you want to take within the organization. Examples include:

• Aspiring to a leadership position within your department.
• Transitioning to a different role that aligns with your interests and skills.
• Building a professional network within your industry to open up new opportunities.

When setting these goals, consider how they align with the company’s objectives. Demonstrating that your career aspirations are in sync with the organization’s direction can strengthen your case for promotion.

Documenting Your Self-Assessment

After completing your self-assessment, it is essential to document your findings. Create a comprehensive report that includes:

• Your evaluation of your current role and performance.
• A list of your strengths and weaknesses.
• Your short-term and long-term career goals.

This document will serve as a valuable reference when preparing for your promotion discussion. It can also help you track your progress over time and adjust your goals as necessary.

Conducting a thorough self-assessment is a critical step in the promotion request process. By evaluating your current role and performance, identifying your strengths and weaknesses, and setting clear career goals, you will be well-prepared to make a compelling case for your promotion. This self-awareness not only enhances your confidence but also positions you as a proactive and committed employee, ready to take on new challenges and responsibilities.

Research and Preparation

Requesting a promotion is a significant step in your career, and it requires careful planning and preparation. Before you approach your manager or HR, it’s essential to conduct thorough research and gather the necessary information to support your case. This section will guide you through the critical aspects of research and preparation, including exploring your company’s promotion policy, analyzing the organizational structure, identifying key decision-makers, and gathering evidence of your achievements.

Exploring Your Company’s Promotion Policy

Understanding your company’s promotion policy is the first step in preparing for a promotion request. Most organizations have specific guidelines that outline the criteria for promotions, including performance metrics, tenure, and skills required for the next level. Here’s how to effectively explore this policy:

• Review Employee Handbooks: Most companies provide an employee handbook that includes information about promotion policies. Look for sections related to career advancement, performance reviews, and eligibility criteria.
• Consult with HR: If the handbook is unclear or unavailable, consider reaching out to your HR department. They can provide insights into the promotion process, including timelines and any necessary documentation.
• Observe Company Culture: Pay attention to how promotions are typically handled within your organization. Are they based on merit, seniority, or a combination of both? Understanding the culture can help you tailor your approach.

For example, if your company emphasizes merit-based promotions, you should focus on demonstrating your contributions and how they align with the company’s goals. Conversely, if seniority plays a significant role, you may need to highlight your experience and loyalty to the organization.

Analyzing the Organizational Structure

Understanding the organizational structure is crucial when preparing for a promotion request. This knowledge helps you identify where you fit within the company and how your role contributes to the overall success of the organization. Here are some steps to analyze the structure:

• Review Organizational Charts: Most companies maintain an organizational chart that outlines the hierarchy and reporting relationships. Familiarize yourself with this chart to understand who reports to whom and where your role fits in.
• Identify Growth Opportunities: Look for areas within the organization that are expanding or in need of leadership. If you can position yourself as a candidate to fill a gap or lead a new initiative, it strengthens your case for promotion.
• Understand Team Dynamics: Analyze the dynamics within your team and how they interact with other departments. Building relationships across teams can enhance your visibility and demonstrate your ability to collaborate effectively.

For instance, if you notice that a particular department is growing and requires additional management, you can express your interest in taking on more responsibilities in that area, showcasing your initiative and readiness for a promotion.

Identifying Key Decision-Makers

Knowing who the key decision-makers are in the promotion process is vital. These individuals will ultimately influence the outcome of your request. Here’s how to identify them:

• Map Out Leadership Roles: Use the organizational chart to identify managers, directors, and executives who have a say in promotion decisions. Understanding their roles and responsibilities can help you tailor your approach.
• Engage with Your Manager: Your direct supervisor is often the first point of contact in the promotion process. Schedule a one-on-one meeting to discuss your career aspirations and seek their guidance on the promotion process.
• Network Strategically: Build relationships with other leaders in your organization. Attend company events, participate in cross-departmental projects, and engage in conversations that allow you to showcase your skills and ambitions.

For example, if you’re aiming for a promotion to a managerial position, it’s beneficial to connect with current managers to understand their experiences and gather insights on what the leadership team values in candidates.

Gathering Evidence of Your Achievements

Once you have a clear understanding of the promotion policy, organizational structure, and key decision-makers, it’s time to gather evidence of your achievements. This evidence will form the backbone of your promotion request and should be compelling and relevant. Here’s how to effectively compile your accomplishments:

• Document Your Contributions: Keep a record of your key projects, responsibilities, and contributions to the team and organization. Highlight specific outcomes, such as increased sales, improved efficiency, or successful project completions.
• Quantify Your Achievements: Whenever possible, use numbers to quantify your achievements. For instance, if you led a project that resulted in a 20% increase in revenue, include this statistic in your documentation. Numbers provide concrete evidence of your impact.
• Collect Feedback: Gather positive feedback from colleagues, clients, or supervisors. Testimonials can serve as powerful endorsements of your skills and contributions. Consider asking for written recommendations or performance reviews that highlight your strengths.
• Align Achievements with Company Goals: Tailor your evidence to align with the company’s objectives. If your organization is focused on innovation, emphasize your contributions to new initiatives or process improvements.

For example, if you implemented a new software system that streamlined operations, document the time saved and the cost reductions achieved. Presenting this information in a clear and organized manner will make a compelling case for your promotion.

Thorough research and preparation are essential when requesting a promotion. By exploring your company’s promotion policy, analyzing the organizational structure, identifying key decision-makers, and gathering evidence of your achievements, you will be well-equipped to present a strong case for your advancement. This preparation not only demonstrates your commitment to your career but also positions you as a proactive and valuable member of your organization.

Building a Strong Case

Requesting a promotion is not just about expressing your desire for advancement; it requires a well-structured approach that demonstrates your value to the organization. Building a strong case involves documenting your contributions, quantifying your impact, aligning your achievements with company goals, and preparing a professional portfolio. This section will guide you through each of these critical components, providing you with the tools necessary to make a compelling argument for your promotion.

Documenting Your Contributions and Successes

The first step in building a strong case for your promotion is to meticulously document your contributions and successes. This documentation serves as the foundation of your argument, showcasing your achievements and the value you bring to the organization.

• Keep a Record: Maintain a detailed record of your accomplishments, including projects you’ve led, initiatives you’ve contributed to, and any recognition you’ve received. Use a spreadsheet or a dedicated document to track these details over time.
• Highlight Key Projects: Identify key projects that you have played a significant role in. For each project, note your specific contributions, the skills you utilized, and the outcomes achieved. For example, if you led a team to complete a project ahead of schedule, document the timeline and the impact this had on the company.
• Gather Feedback: Collect feedback from colleagues, supervisors, and clients. Positive testimonials can bolster your case, providing third-party validation of your contributions. Consider asking for formal performance reviews or informal feedback that highlights your strengths.

By compiling this information, you create a comprehensive overview of your professional journey within the company, making it easier to present your case for promotion.

Quantifying Your Impact on the Company

Numbers speak volumes in the business world. Quantifying your impact not only strengthens your case but also provides concrete evidence of your contributions. Here are some strategies to effectively quantify your impact:

• Use Metrics: Whenever possible, use specific metrics to illustrate your achievements. For instance, if you increased sales, specify the percentage increase and the time frame in which it occurred. If you improved efficiency, quantify the time or cost savings achieved.
• Showcase Revenue Growth: If your work has directly contributed to revenue growth, highlight this in your documentation. For example, if you developed a marketing campaign that resulted in a significant increase in customer acquisition, provide the numbers that reflect this growth.
• Demonstrate Cost Savings: If you implemented a process that reduced costs, detail the savings. For instance, if you streamlined operations that led to a reduction in overhead expenses, quantify the savings and explain how this positively impacted the bottom line.

By presenting quantifiable data, you provide a compelling argument that showcases your contributions in a way that is easily digestible for decision-makers.

Aligning Your Achievements with Company Goals

To further strengthen your case for promotion, it is essential to align your achievements with the broader goals of the company. This alignment demonstrates that you are not only focused on your personal growth but also committed to the success of the organization as a whole.

• Understand Company Objectives: Familiarize yourself with the company’s mission, vision, and strategic goals. This understanding will help you frame your achievements in a way that resonates with leadership. For example, if the company is focused on innovation, highlight how your contributions have driven innovative solutions.
• Connect Your Work to Company Goals: When documenting your contributions, explicitly connect them to the company’s objectives. For instance, if you led a project that improved customer satisfaction, explain how this aligns with the company’s goal of enhancing customer experience.
• Demonstrate Leadership Qualities: Highlight instances where you have taken the initiative or demonstrated leadership qualities that align with the company’s values. This could include mentoring colleagues, leading cross-functional teams, or spearheading new initiatives that support company goals.

By aligning your achievements with company goals, you position yourself as a valuable asset who is not only focused on personal advancement but also on contributing to the organization’s success.

Preparing a Professional Portfolio

A professional portfolio is a powerful tool that can enhance your case for promotion. It serves as a tangible representation of your work and achievements, allowing you to present your case in a visually appealing and organized manner.

• Include a Cover Letter: Start your portfolio with a cover letter that outlines your intent to seek a promotion. This letter should briefly summarize your key achievements and express your enthusiasm for taking on new responsibilities.
• Organize Your Work Samples: Include samples of your work that demonstrate your skills and contributions. This could include reports, presentations, project plans, or any other relevant documentation. Ensure that each sample is clearly labeled and accompanied by a brief description of its significance.
• Highlight Awards and Recognition: If you have received any awards or recognition for your work, include these in your portfolio. This could be employee of the month awards, performance bonuses, or any other accolades that showcase your contributions.
• Include Testimonials: Incorporate testimonials from colleagues, supervisors, or clients that speak to your strengths and contributions. These endorsements can add credibility to your case and provide a personal touch to your portfolio.
• Keep It Professional: Ensure that your portfolio is well-organized, visually appealing, and free of errors. Use a clean layout and professional design elements to create a polished presentation.

Having a professional portfolio not only enhances your credibility but also provides a comprehensive overview of your contributions, making it easier for decision-makers to understand your value to the organization.

Building a strong case for a promotion involves a systematic approach that includes documenting your contributions, quantifying your impact, aligning your achievements with company goals, and preparing a professional portfolio. By following these strategies, you can present a compelling argument that showcases your readiness for advancement and your commitment to the success of the organization.

Skill Development

When it comes to requesting a promotion at work, skill development is a critical component that can significantly enhance your chances of success. Employers are not only looking for employees who perform their current roles well but also those who demonstrate the potential to take on greater responsibilities. This section will explore how to identify the skills needed for the next level, pursue relevant training and certifications, seek feedback for continuous improvement, and demonstrate leadership and initiative.

Identifying Skills Needed for the Next Level

The first step in skill development is understanding what skills are necessary for the position you aspire to. This requires a clear understanding of the job description and the competencies that are valued in that role. Here are some strategies to help you identify these skills:

• Review Job Descriptions: Look at the job descriptions for the position you want, both within your organization and in the industry at large. Pay attention to the required skills, qualifications, and experiences.
• Conduct Informational Interviews: Reach out to colleagues or mentors who are currently in the role you aspire to. Ask them about the skills they believe are essential for success and any challenges they face.
• Analyze Performance Metrics: If your organization has performance metrics or key performance indicators (KPIs), review them to understand what skills contribute to high performance in your desired role.
• Self-Assessment: Reflect on your current skills and experiences. Identify gaps between your current capabilities and those required for the next level. Tools like SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) can be helpful in this process.

By taking these steps, you can create a targeted list of skills to develop, which will serve as a roadmap for your professional growth.

Pursuing Relevant Training and Certifications

Once you have identified the skills you need, the next step is to pursue training and certifications that will help you acquire them. Here are some effective ways to do this:

• Enroll in Courses: Look for online or in-person courses that focus on the skills you need. Websites like Coursera, Udemy, and LinkedIn Learning offer a wide range of courses that can enhance your knowledge and skills.
• Attend Workshops and Seminars: Participating in workshops and seminars can provide hands-on experience and networking opportunities. These events often feature industry experts who can share valuable insights.
• Obtain Certifications: Earning relevant certifications can demonstrate your commitment to professional development. Research certifications that are recognized in your industry and align with your career goals.
• Utilize Company Resources: Many organizations offer training programs, tuition reimbursement, or professional development funds. Take advantage of these resources to further your education and skill set.

Investing in your education not only enhances your skills but also shows your employer that you are proactive about your career development.

Seeking Feedback and Continuous Improvement

Feedback is a powerful tool for personal and professional growth. Actively seeking feedback can help you identify areas for improvement and refine your skills. Here are some strategies for effectively seeking feedback:

• Request Regular Check-Ins: Schedule regular one-on-one meetings with your manager to discuss your performance. Use these meetings to ask for constructive feedback on your work and areas where you can improve.
• Peer Feedback: Don’t hesitate to ask your colleagues for feedback as well. They can provide insights into your teamwork, communication, and collaboration skills.
• Utilize 360-Degree Feedback: If your organization offers a 360-degree feedback process, participate actively. This comprehensive feedback can provide a well-rounded view of your strengths and weaknesses.
• Act on Feedback: When you receive feedback, take it seriously. Create an action plan to address the areas for improvement and follow up with those who provided feedback to show your commitment to growth.

Continuous improvement is a mindset that can set you apart from your peers. By actively seeking and acting on feedback, you demonstrate a willingness to learn and adapt, which is a valuable trait in any employee.

Demonstrating Leadership and Initiative

To position yourself as a strong candidate for promotion, it’s essential to demonstrate leadership qualities and take the initiative in your current role. Here are some ways to showcase these traits:

• Take Ownership of Projects: Volunteer to lead projects or initiatives that align with your skills and interests. Taking ownership shows that you are willing to go above and beyond your current responsibilities.
• Mentor Others: Offer to mentor junior colleagues or interns. This not only helps them develop but also showcases your leadership skills and ability to guide others.
• Propose New Ideas: Don’t be afraid to share your ideas for improving processes or solving problems within your team or organization. Presenting innovative solutions demonstrates your proactive approach and strategic thinking.
• Build Relationships: Cultivate strong relationships with colleagues across different departments. Networking within your organization can help you gain visibility and support for your promotion.

By demonstrating leadership and initiative, you position yourself as a valuable asset to your organization, making it easier for your superiors to see you as a candidate for promotion.

Skill development is a multifaceted process that involves identifying the skills needed for advancement, pursuing relevant training, seeking feedback, and demonstrating leadership. By focusing on these areas, you can enhance your qualifications and make a compelling case for your promotion.

Networking and Relationship Building

When it comes to requesting a promotion at work, technical skills and performance metrics are undoubtedly important. However, the significance of networking and relationship building cannot be overstated. Establishing strong connections within your organization can enhance your visibility, create opportunities for collaboration, and ultimately support your case for a promotion. We will explore effective strategies for building relationships with key stakeholders, finding a mentor or sponsor, engaging in cross-departmental projects, and enhancing your visibility within the company.

Building Relationships with Key Stakeholders

Key stakeholders are individuals who have a vested interest in your work and can influence your career trajectory. These may include your direct supervisor, senior management, team members, and even clients. Building relationships with these individuals is crucial for several reasons:

• Trust and Credibility: Establishing rapport with stakeholders fosters trust. When people trust you, they are more likely to support your career advancement.
• Feedback and Guidance: Strong relationships allow for open communication, enabling you to receive constructive feedback and guidance that can help you improve your performance.
• Advocacy: Stakeholders who know you well are more likely to advocate for you when promotion opportunities arise.

To build these relationships, consider the following strategies:

• Regular Check-Ins: Schedule regular one-on-one meetings with your supervisor and other key stakeholders. Use this time to discuss your progress, seek feedback, and express your career aspirations.
• Be Proactive: Take the initiative to reach out to colleagues and stakeholders. Offer assistance on projects, share insights, and show genuine interest in their work.
• Participate in Company Events: Attend company meetings, social events, and team-building activities. These informal settings provide excellent opportunities to connect with others.

Finding a Mentor or Sponsor

A mentor or sponsor can play a pivotal role in your career development. While a mentor provides guidance and advice, a sponsor actively advocates for you within the organization. Here’s how to find and cultivate these relationships:

• Identify Potential Mentors: Look for individuals whose career paths you admire or who possess skills you wish to develop. They could be in your department or in other areas of the organization.
• Approach with Intent: When reaching out to a potential mentor, be clear about your goals and what you hope to gain from the relationship. A well-prepared approach shows respect for their time and expertise.
• Be Open to Feedback: A mentor’s role is to provide constructive criticism. Be receptive to their insights and use them to improve your skills and performance.
• Seek Sponsorship: Once you’ve established a relationship with a mentor, express your interest in finding a sponsor. A sponsor is someone who can advocate for you in decision-making circles, so make your career aspirations known.

Engaging in Cross-Departmental Projects

Participating in cross-departmental projects is an excellent way to broaden your skill set, increase your visibility, and build relationships with colleagues outside your immediate team. Here’s how to effectively engage in these opportunities:

• Volunteer for Projects: Keep an eye out for projects that require collaboration between departments. Volunteering demonstrates your willingness to contribute and learn.
• Showcase Your Skills: Use these projects as a platform to showcase your skills and expertise. Take the lead on tasks that align with your strengths, and don’t hesitate to share your ideas.
• Network with New Colleagues: Cross-departmental projects allow you to meet new colleagues. Take the time to build relationships with them, as they may become valuable connections in the future.
• Document Your Contributions: Keep track of your contributions to these projects. This documentation can serve as evidence of your capabilities when discussing your promotion.

Enhancing Your Visibility within the Company

Visibility is key when it comes to being considered for a promotion. Here are several strategies to enhance your presence within the organization:

• Share Your Achievements: Don’t be shy about sharing your accomplishments. Whether through team meetings, company newsletters, or internal social platforms, make sure your contributions are recognized.
• Engage in Thought Leadership: Position yourself as a thought leader by sharing insights and expertise. Write articles, lead workshops, or present at company meetings to showcase your knowledge.
• Participate in Professional Development: Attend workshops, conferences, and training sessions. Not only will you gain new skills, but you’ll also meet others who can help elevate your profile.
• Be Visible in Decision-Making Processes: Whenever possible, involve yourself in decision-making processes. This could be through committees, task forces, or project teams. Being part of these discussions increases your visibility and demonstrates your commitment to the organization.

Networking and relationship building are essential components of successfully requesting a promotion at work. By building relationships with key stakeholders, finding a mentor or sponsor, engaging in cross-departmental projects, and enhancing your visibility, you can create a strong foundation for your career advancement. Remember, the connections you make today can open doors for you tomorrow.

Timing and Strategy

Choosing the Right Time to Request a Promotion

Timing is a critical factor when it comes to requesting a promotion. The right moment can significantly enhance your chances of success, while the wrong timing can lead to disappointment. Here are some key considerations to help you choose the optimal time for your request:

• Performance Reviews: One of the most strategic times to request a promotion is during your performance review. This is when your contributions are being evaluated, and your manager is likely to be more receptive to discussions about your career progression. Prepare by gathering evidence of your achievements and how they align with the company’s goals.
• After a Major Achievement: If you’ve recently completed a significant project or exceeded your targets, this is an excellent time to approach your manager. Highlighting your accomplishments can provide a strong case for why you deserve a promotion.
• During Company Growth: If your company is experiencing growth, whether through increased revenue, new clients, or expansion into new markets, it may be a favorable time to request a promotion. Companies often look to reward employees who contribute to their success during such periods.
• When Your Manager is in a Good Mood: While this may seem subjective, it’s important to consider your manager’s current state of mind. If they are stressed or overwhelmed, it may not be the best time to bring up your promotion. Look for moments when they are more relaxed and open to discussions.

Exploring Business Cycles and Company Performance

Understanding the broader business cycles and your company’s performance can provide valuable insights into the best timing for your promotion request. Here are some factors to consider:

• Fiscal Year Planning: Many companies operate on a fiscal year that includes budgeting and planning phases. If your company is approaching the end of its fiscal year, it may be a good time to discuss your future role, as managers are often evaluating their teams and planning for the upcoming year.
• Market Trends: Keep an eye on market trends that may affect your company’s performance. If your industry is booming, your company may be more willing to invest in talent and promotions. Conversely, if the market is struggling, it may be wise to wait until conditions improve.
• Company Performance Metrics: Familiarize yourself with your company’s performance metrics. If the company has recently reported strong earnings or achieved significant milestones, it may be an opportune moment to request a promotion. Conversely, if the company is facing challenges, it may be prudent to hold off.
• Internal Changes: Pay attention to any internal changes, such as leadership transitions, restructuring, or new initiatives. These changes can create opportunities for advancement, but they can also lead to uncertainty. Timing your request during a period of stability can be advantageous.

Aligning Your Request with Company Needs

When requesting a promotion, it’s essential to align your request with the needs and goals of the company. This not only demonstrates your commitment to the organization but also shows that you understand its priorities. Here are some strategies to effectively align your request:

• Understand Company Goals: Familiarize yourself with your company’s short-term and long-term goals. This could include growth targets, new product launches, or market expansion. When you frame your request, highlight how your promotion will help the company achieve these objectives.
• Showcase Your Contributions: Prepare a list of your contributions that directly support the company’s goals. For example, if your company is focused on improving customer satisfaction, provide examples of how your work has positively impacted customer feedback or retention rates.
• Propose New Responsibilities: When requesting a promotion, consider proposing new responsibilities that align with the company’s needs. This shows initiative and a willingness to contribute to the organization’s success. For instance, if the company is looking to expand its digital marketing efforts, you could propose taking on a leadership role in that area.
• Be Solution-Oriented: If you identify challenges within the company, be prepared to offer solutions. This demonstrates your proactive approach and commitment to the organization. For example, if you notice inefficiencies in a process, suggest ways you could lead an initiative to improve it as part of your new role.

Crafting Your Message

Once you’ve determined the right time and aligned your request with company needs, it’s time to craft your message. Here are some tips for effectively communicating your request:

• Be Clear and Concise: When you approach your manager, be clear about your intentions. State that you are seeking a promotion and outline the reasons why you believe you deserve it. Avoid rambling or providing excessive detail that may dilute your message.
• Use Data and Evidence: Support your request with data and evidence. This could include performance metrics, feedback from colleagues or clients, and examples of successful projects. Quantifying your achievements can make a compelling case for your promotion.
• Practice Active Listening: During the conversation, be prepared to listen to your manager’s feedback. They may have insights or concerns that you hadn’t considered. Demonstrating that you value their perspective can strengthen your case and show your willingness to collaborate.
• Follow Up: After your initial conversation, follow up with a thank-you email summarizing your discussion. This reinforces your professionalism and keeps the lines of communication open. If your manager needs time to consider your request, ask when you can expect to hear back.

Crafting Your Promotion Request

Writing a Persuasive Promotion Proposal

When it comes to requesting a promotion, the first step is to craft a persuasive promotion proposal. This document serves as your formal request and should clearly articulate why you deserve the promotion. Start by outlining your current role and responsibilities, then transition into your accomplishments and contributions to the company. Use specific metrics and examples to demonstrate your impact. For instance, if you led a project that increased sales by 20%, mention this figure prominently.

Additionally, it’s essential to align your proposal with the company’s goals and values. Research the organization’s current objectives and illustrate how your promotion would help achieve them. For example, if the company is focusing on innovation, highlight your contributions to new initiatives or processes that have improved efficiency or creativity within your team.

Finally, ensure your proposal is concise yet comprehensive. Aim for clarity and professionalism, avoiding jargon that may confuse your reader. A well-structured proposal not only showcases your qualifications but also reflects your communication skills, which are vital for any leadership role.

Structuring Your Request Letter

Your request letter is a critical component of your promotion proposal. It should be structured in a way that is easy to read and logically flows from one point to the next. Here’s a suggested structure:

1. Introduction: Start with a polite greeting and a brief introduction of your current position. State the purpose of your letter clearly.
2. Body: This section should be divided into several paragraphs:
• Current Role and Responsibilities: Describe your current position and the responsibilities you handle. This sets the stage for your request.
• Achievements: Highlight your key achievements, using bullet points for clarity. Include quantifiable results where possible.
• Future Potential: Discuss your vision for the future in the new role. Explain how you plan to contribute to the company’s success and what new initiatives you would like to pursue.
• Conclusion: Reiterate your request for a promotion and express your enthusiasm for taking on new challenges. Thank the reader for considering your request.

Here’s a brief example of how you might start your letter:

Dear [Manager’s Name],

I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to formally request a promotion to [desired position] within [Department/Team]. Over the past [duration], I have taken on additional responsibilities and have consistently delivered results that align with our team’s objectives.

Highlighting Your Achievements and Future Potential

One of the most crucial aspects of your promotion request is effectively highlighting your achievements and demonstrating your future potential. Begin by compiling a list of your accomplishments since your last performance review or since you joined the company. Focus on results that are relevant to the role you are seeking. For example:

• Increased Revenue: “In my role as [Current Position], I successfully led a project that resulted in a 30% increase in revenue over the last fiscal year.”
• Improved Efficiency: “I implemented a new workflow that reduced project turnaround time by 15%, allowing our team to take on more clients.”
• Team Leadership: “I have mentored three junior team members, helping them to achieve their personal goals and improve their performance.”

After listing your achievements, pivot to discussing your future potential. This is your opportunity to showcase your vision for the role you are seeking. Consider the following points:

• Alignment with Company Goals: “I am excited about the opportunity to lead our upcoming project on [specific initiative], which aligns with our goal of [specific company goal].”
• Skill Development: “I am committed to further developing my skills in [specific area] to better serve our team and contribute to our success.”
• Leadership Aspirations: “In the new role, I plan to implement strategies that will enhance team collaboration and drive innovation.”

By clearly articulating both your past achievements and your future aspirations, you create a compelling case for why you deserve the promotion.

Addressing Potential Concerns and Objections

When requesting a promotion, it’s essential to anticipate and address any potential concerns or objections your manager may have. This proactive approach demonstrates your understanding of the business and your commitment to the organization. Here are some common concerns and how to address them:

• Experience Level: If your manager might question your experience, you can counter this by highlighting relevant projects or responsibilities you’ve undertaken that align with the new role. For example, “While I may not have held the title of [desired position] before, I have successfully managed projects that required similar skills and leadership.”
• Team Dynamics: If there are concerns about how your promotion might affect team dynamics, reassure your manager by emphasizing your collaborative approach. “I believe that my promotion will enhance our team’s performance, as I have always prioritized open communication and collaboration.”
• Timing: If your company is going through a challenging period, acknowledge this and express your understanding. “I recognize that this is a challenging time for our team, but I believe that my promotion could help us navigate these challenges more effectively.”

By addressing these concerns head-on, you not only demonstrate your readiness for the promotion but also your commitment to the team and the organization as a whole.

Crafting a compelling promotion request involves writing a persuasive proposal, structuring your request letter effectively, highlighting your achievements and future potential, and addressing any potential concerns. By following these strategies, you can present a strong case for your promotion and position yourself as a valuable asset to your organization.

The Promotion Meeting

Preparing for the Meeting

Preparing for a promotion meeting is a critical step in the process of requesting a promotion. This preparation involves several key components that can significantly influence the outcome of your request.

• Research Your Company’s Promotion Process: Before you even think about scheduling a meeting, familiarize yourself with your company’s policies regarding promotions. Some organizations have formal processes, while others may be more informal. Understanding the criteria for promotion can help you tailor your approach.
• Know Your Worth: Conduct a self-assessment to evaluate your contributions to the company. List your achievements, projects you’ve led, and any metrics that demonstrate your impact. This data will serve as the foundation of your case.
• Gather Supporting Evidence: Collect performance reviews, feedback from colleagues and supervisors, and any awards or recognitions you’ve received. This evidence will bolster your argument and provide tangible proof of your value to the organization.
• Understand Your Manager’s Perspective: Consider your manager’s goals and challenges. Understanding their priorities can help you frame your request in a way that aligns with their objectives, making it easier for them to advocate for your promotion.
• Choose the Right Time: Timing can be everything. Schedule your meeting during a period when your manager is less stressed and more open to discussions. Avoid busy times, such as end-of-quarter deadlines or major project launches.

Practicing Your Pitch

Once you’ve prepared your materials and gathered your evidence, it’s time to practice your pitch. This step is crucial for ensuring that you communicate your case effectively and confidently.

• Draft a Clear Outline: Create an outline of the key points you want to cover during the meeting. This should include your achievements, the reasons you believe you deserve a promotion, and how your promotion aligns with the company’s goals.
• Rehearse with a Trusted Colleague: Find a colleague or mentor who can listen to your pitch and provide constructive feedback. Practicing in front of someone else can help you refine your delivery and identify any areas that need improvement.
• Focus on Body Language: Non-verbal communication is just as important as what you say. Practice maintaining eye contact, using open body language, and projecting confidence through your posture. This will help convey your seriousness about the promotion.
• Prepare for Different Scenarios: Consider how you will respond if your manager is supportive, neutral, or resistant to your request. Practicing these scenarios can help you remain calm and composed during the actual meeting.

Anticipating Questions and Objections

During your promotion meeting, your manager may have questions or objections regarding your request. Anticipating these can help you prepare thoughtful responses and demonstrate your readiness for the next level.

• Common Questions: Be prepared to answer questions about your current responsibilities, how you’ve exceeded expectations, and what specific contributions you will make in the new role. For example, if you’re seeking a managerial position, your manager may ask how you plan to lead a team effectively.
• Addressing Concerns: If your manager raises concerns about your readiness for promotion, be ready to address them directly. For instance, if they mention a lack of experience in a certain area, you could discuss how you plan to gain that experience or highlight relevant skills you already possess.
• Market Comparisons: Your manager may question whether your request aligns with industry standards. Be prepared to discuss salary benchmarks and promotion timelines within your industry to support your case.
• Future Contributions: Your manager may want to know how you plan to contribute to the company in your new role. Be ready to outline specific goals and initiatives you would pursue if promoted, demonstrating your commitment to the organization’s success.

Presenting Your Case Confidently

When the day of the meeting arrives, presenting your case confidently is essential. Here are some strategies to ensure you make a strong impression:

• Start with Gratitude: Begin the meeting by expressing appreciation for your manager’s time and support. Acknowledging their role in your development can set a positive tone for the discussion.
• Be Direct and Concise: Clearly state your intention to discuss a promotion early in the conversation. Avoid beating around the bush; instead, get straight to the point while remaining respectful and professional.
• Use Evidence to Support Your Case: As you present your achievements and contributions, refer to the evidence you gathered during your preparation. Use specific examples and metrics to illustrate your impact on the team and the organization.
• Maintain a Positive Attitude: Regardless of your manager’s initial reaction, keep a positive demeanor. If they express concerns or objections, listen carefully and respond thoughtfully rather than defensively.
• Be Open to Feedback: After presenting your case, invite your manager to share their thoughts. Be receptive to their feedback, and use it as an opportunity to engage in a constructive dialogue about your career development.
• Follow Up: After the meeting, send a thank-you email to your manager, reiterating your appreciation for their time and consideration. If they provided feedback or requested additional information, address those points in your follow-up communication.

By preparing thoroughly, practicing your pitch, anticipating questions, and presenting your case confidently, you can significantly increase your chances of successfully requesting a promotion. Remember, this is not just about asking for a title change; it’s about demonstrating your value and commitment to the organization’s success.

Follow-Up Actions

Requesting a promotion is a significant step in your career, but the process doesn’t end once you’ve made your request. The follow-up actions you take after your promotion discussion can greatly influence your future opportunities and professional relationships. This section will explore how to respond to the outcome of your request, seek constructive feedback, create a development plan if your request is denied, and celebrate your successes if your promotion is approved.

Responding to the Outcome

Once you’ve submitted your request for a promotion, the next step is to await the response from your manager or HR. Regardless of the outcome, how you respond can set the tone for your future interactions and career trajectory.

If Approved: If your request is granted, express your gratitude immediately. A simple, heartfelt thank you can go a long way in reinforcing your positive relationship with your manager. Consider sending a follow-up email that acknowledges the decision and outlines your excitement about taking on new responsibilities. For example:

Subject: Thank You!

Dear [Manager’s Name],

I wanted to take a moment to express my sincere gratitude for the opportunity to step into the [New Position] role. I am excited to take on new challenges and contribute even more to our team’s success. Thank you for your support and belief in my abilities.

Best regards,
[Your Name]

If Denied: If your request is not approved, it’s essential to remain professional and composed. Avoid expressing disappointment or frustration, as this can negatively impact your relationship with your manager. Instead, thank them for considering your request and express your desire to understand their decision. For instance:

Subject: Thank You for Your Consideration

Dear [Manager’s Name],

Thank you for taking the time to discuss my promotion request. While I am disappointed, I appreciate your feedback and would like to understand better the reasons behind the decision. I am committed to my growth and would love to discuss how I can align my contributions with the team’s goals moving forward.

Thank you again for your support.

Best regards,
[Your Name]

Seeking Constructive Feedback

Whether your promotion request was approved or denied, seeking constructive feedback is crucial for your professional development. This feedback can provide insights into your strengths and areas for improvement, helping you to position yourself better for future opportunities.

Requesting Feedback: Schedule a one-on-one meeting with your manager to discuss their perspective on your performance and readiness for the promotion. Prepare specific questions to guide the conversation, such as:

• What skills or experiences do you think I need to develop further?
• Are there specific projects or initiatives you recommend I take on to demonstrate my capabilities?
• How can I better align my contributions with the team’s objectives?

During the meeting, listen actively and take notes. This feedback will be invaluable as you work on your professional development.

Creating a Development Plan if Denied

If your promotion request is denied, it’s essential to create a development plan that outlines the steps you will take to enhance your skills and increase your chances of success in the future. This plan should be a living document that you revisit regularly to track your progress.

Steps to Create a Development Plan:

1. Identify Areas for Improvement: Based on the feedback you received, list the skills or experiences you need to develop. This could include technical skills, leadership abilities, or project management experience.
2. Set Specific Goals: For each area of improvement, set SMART goals (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound). For example, if you need to improve your leadership skills, a goal might be to lead a project team within the next six months.
3. Seek Resources: Identify resources that can help you achieve your goals. This could include online courses, workshops, mentorship opportunities, or relevant books and articles.
4. Establish a Timeline: Create a timeline for achieving your goals. Break down larger goals into smaller, manageable tasks with deadlines to keep yourself accountable.
5. Regular Check-Ins: Schedule regular check-ins with your manager to discuss your progress. This demonstrates your commitment to growth and keeps your manager informed of your efforts.

By proactively working on your development plan, you not only enhance your skills but also show your manager that you are serious about your career advancement.

Celebrating and Building on Success if Approved

When your promotion is approved, it’s essential to celebrate this achievement, both personally and professionally. Acknowledging your success can boost your morale and motivate you to continue performing at a high level.

Celebrate Your Achievement: Take a moment to reflect on your hard work and dedication that led to this promotion. Consider celebrating with colleagues or friends, whether through a small gathering, a team lunch, or simply sharing the news on social media. This not only acknowledges your success but also reinforces your professional network.

Set New Goals: With your new role comes new responsibilities. Take the time to set new goals that align with your position. Consider what you want to achieve in the next six months to a year. This could involve leading a significant project, mentoring junior team members, or contributing to strategic planning.

Seek New Challenges: Embrace the new challenges that come with your promotion. Look for opportunities to take on additional responsibilities or lead initiatives that align with your strengths and interests. This proactive approach will help you establish yourself in your new role and demonstrate your value to the organization.

Maintain Open Communication: Continue to communicate openly with your manager and team. Share your progress, seek feedback, and be receptive to suggestions. This will help you build strong relationships and foster a collaborative work environment.

The follow-up actions you take after requesting a promotion are critical to your career development. By responding thoughtfully to the outcome, seeking constructive feedback, creating a development plan if denied, and celebrating your successes if approved, you can position yourself for continued growth and advancement in your career.

Common Challenges and How to Overcome Them

Dealing with Rejection

Requesting a promotion can be a tough task, and one of the most significant challenges you may face is the possibility of rejection. It’s essential to understand that rejection is not a reflection of your worth or capabilities. Many factors can influence a decision, including company budget constraints, organizational changes, or even timing. Here are some strategies to help you cope with rejection:

• Stay Professional: If your request for a promotion is denied, respond with professionalism. Thank your manager for their consideration and ask for feedback on how you can improve your chances in the future. This shows maturity and a willingness to grow.
• Seek Constructive Feedback: Use the opportunity to gather insights on what skills or experiences you may need to develop. This feedback can be invaluable in preparing for your next promotion request.
• Reflect and Reassess: Take some time to reflect on the feedback and your performance. Are there areas where you can improve? Set specific goals to work on before your next promotion request.
• Maintain a Positive Attitude: It’s easy to feel disheartened after a rejection, but maintaining a positive outlook is crucial. Focus on your accomplishments and the value you bring to the team.

Handling Office Politics

Office politics can be a significant barrier when seeking a promotion. Navigating the complex dynamics of workplace relationships requires tact and strategy. Here are some tips for managing office politics effectively:

• Build Alliances: Cultivate relationships with colleagues across different departments. Having allies can provide you with support and insights into the promotion process. Attend company events, participate in team-building activities, and engage in informal conversations to strengthen these connections.
• Stay Neutral: Avoid taking sides in office conflicts. Remaining neutral can help you maintain a positive reputation and prevent you from being drawn into negative situations that could affect your promotion prospects.
• Communicate Openly: Foster open communication with your manager and team members. Share your career aspirations and seek their advice. This transparency can help you gain support and demonstrate your commitment to the organization.
• Observe the Culture: Every workplace has its unique culture. Pay attention to how promotions are typically awarded and who tends to receive them. Understanding these dynamics can help you position yourself more effectively.

Managing Expectations

When seeking a promotion, it’s crucial to manage your expectations realistically. While ambition is essential, having a clear understanding of the promotion landscape within your organization can help you set achievable goals. Here are some strategies for managing expectations:

• Understand the Promotion Criteria: Familiarize yourself with the criteria for promotions within your organization. This may include performance metrics, tenure, or specific skills. Knowing what is expected can help you align your efforts accordingly.
• Set Short-Term Goals: Instead of focusing solely on the promotion, set short-term goals that contribute to your overall career development. This could include taking on new projects, improving specific skills, or seeking mentorship. Achieving these smaller goals can build your confidence and enhance your qualifications for a promotion.
• Be Patient: Promotions often take time, and it’s essential to be patient. Understand that career advancement is a journey, and sometimes it requires waiting for the right opportunity. Use this time to continue developing your skills and expanding your network.
• Celebrate Small Wins: Acknowledge and celebrate your achievements along the way, even if they don’t directly lead to a promotion. Recognizing your progress can help maintain motivation and a positive mindset.

Balancing Ambition with Patience

Ambition is a driving force behind career advancement, but it must be balanced with patience. Striking this balance can be challenging, especially in a fast-paced work environment. Here are some strategies to help you navigate this balance:

• Set Realistic Timelines: While it’s important to be ambitious, setting unrealistic timelines for your promotion can lead to frustration. Assess the typical career progression within your organization and set timelines that reflect this reality.
• Focus on Continuous Learning: Use the time while you’re waiting for a promotion to invest in your professional development. Attend workshops, pursue certifications, or take on new responsibilities that enhance your skill set. This not only prepares you for future opportunities but also demonstrates your commitment to growth.
• Network Strategically: Building relationships with influential colleagues and leaders can open doors for future promotions. Attend industry events, join professional organizations, and engage with thought leaders in your field. Networking can provide you with insights and opportunities that may not be available through traditional channels.
• Practice Self-Reflection: Regularly assess your career goals and progress. Are you still aligned with your ambitions? Are there new interests or skills you want to pursue? Self-reflection can help you stay grounded and focused on your long-term career path.

Navigating the challenges of requesting a promotion requires a combination of resilience, strategic thinking, and emotional intelligence. By preparing for rejection, managing office politics, setting realistic expectations, and balancing ambition with patience, you can position yourself for success in your career advancement journey.

Here are the key takeaways from the article on requesting a promotion at work, designed to empower you with actionable insights for your career advancement:

Key Takeaways

• Understand Promotions: Familiarize yourself with the different types of promotions and the common criteria used by your organization to evaluate candidates.
• Self-Assessment: Conduct a thorough evaluation of your current role, identifying your strengths and weaknesses, and set clear career goals.
• Research and Preparation: Investigate your company’s promotion policies, analyze the organizational structure, and gather evidence of your achievements to build a compelling case.
• Document Your Success: Keep a record of your contributions and quantify your impact on the company, aligning your achievements with organizational goals.
• Skill Development: Identify the skills required for the next level and pursue relevant training, while actively seeking feedback for continuous improvement.
• Networking: Build relationships with key stakeholders, find a mentor, and engage in cross-departmental projects to enhance your visibility.
• Timing is Key: Choose the right moment to request a promotion, considering business cycles and aligning your request with company needs.
• Craft Your Request: Write a persuasive promotion proposal that highlights your achievements and addresses potential concerns.
• Prepare for the Meeting: Practice your pitch, anticipate questions, and present your case confidently during the promotion meeting.
• Follow-Up: Regardless of the outcome, seek constructive feedback and create a development plan to continue your growth.
• Overcome Challenges: Be prepared to deal with rejection, office politics, and manage your expectations while balancing ambition with patience.

Conclusion

Requesting a promotion is a strategic process that requires self-awareness, preparation, and effective communication. By following these expert tips and strategies, you can build a strong case for your advancement and navigate the complexities of workplace dynamics. Take actionable steps today to position yourself for success and achieve your career goals.